Hepatocyte DNA replication in growing liver requires either glutathione or a single allele of txnrd1

Hepatocytes lacking thioredoxin reductase 1 have normal replicative potential during development and regeneration.

Cells require ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) activity for DNA replication. In bacteria, electrons can flow from NADPH to RNR by either a thioredoxin-reductase- or a glutathione-reductase-dependent route. Yeast and plants artificially lacking thioredoxin reductases exhibit a slow-growth phenotype, suggesting glutathione-reductase-dependent routes are poor at supporting DNA replication in these o...

Effects of Anatoxin B1 on Liver Nuclear DNA Biosynthesis in Growing and Day-old Chickens

Glutathione peroxidase 4 and vitamin E cooperatively prevent hepatocellular degeneration

The selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) is an essential mammalian glutathione peroxidase, which protects cells against detrimental lipid peroxidation and governs a novel form of regulated necrotic cell death, called ferroptosis. To study the relevance of Gpx4 and of another vitally important selenoprotein, cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (Txnrd1), for liver function, mice with conditio...

Allele-specific analysis of DNA replication origins in mammalian cells

The mechanisms that control the location and timing of firing of replication origins are poorly understood. Using a novel functional genomic approach based on the analysis of SNPs and indels in phased human genomes, we observe that replication asynchrony is associated with small cumulative variations in the initiation efficiency of multiple origins between the chromosome homologues, rather than...

Either bacteriophage T4 RNase H or Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I is essential for phage replication.

Bacteriophage T4 rnh encodes an RNase H that removes ribopentamer primers from nascent DNA chains during synthesis by the T4 multienzyme replication system in vitro (H. C. Hollingsworth and N. G. Nossal, J. Biol. Chem. 266:1888-1897, 1991). This paper demonstrates that either T4 RNase HI or Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I (Pol I) is essential for phage replication. Wild-type T4 phage producti...